As of 2021, there are currently no Status of Forces Agreements (SOFAs) in effect between Sri Lanka and any foreign military power.
SOFAs are typically bilateral agreements that outline the legal status of foreign military personnel who are temporarily present in a host country. They define the jurisdictional parameters that govern the behavior of both the visiting military and the host nation. SOFAs can provide a range of benefits, such as exemptions from certain taxes and customs duties, access to military installations, and streamlined administrative procedures.
Despite the absence of any formal SOFAs, however, Sri Lanka has hosted a number of foreign military exercises and training events in recent years. For example, in 2019, the U.S. Pacific Fleet conducted a bilateral training exercise with the Sri Lanka Navy. The exercise included several days of combined training, personnel exchanges, and culminated in a simulated naval gunnery exercise.
Similarly, in 2020, the Sri Lanka Air Force conducted a joint training exercise with the Indian Air Force. The exercise focused on enhancing air defense capabilities and included practice scenarios and tactical simulations.
Although these types of joint training events do not require a formal SOFA, they do require careful coordination and communication between the participating militaries. Any foreign military personnel who are present in Sri Lanka must adhere to the laws and regulations of the host nation, and the host nation must provide appropriate security and logistical support.
Overall, while there are currently no formal SOFAs in place between Sri Lanka and foreign military powers, the country has demonstrated a willingness to engage in joint military training and exercises. As geopolitical tensions continue to evolve throughout the region, it remains to be seen whether Sri Lanka will pursue any formal agreements in the future.